The Solar System Could Collapse Because Of A Passing Star, Scientists Warn

Scientists have warned that the planets in our solar system might crash if Neptune's orbit is altered by only 0.1 percent by a passing star.

The study, which was published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, shows that a "stellar flyby" - a relatively typical occurrence in the cosmos - might be sufficient to cause planets to collide.

If Mercury and Jupiter's perihelion — the moment at which the planets are closest to the Sun — occur simultaneously, two outcomes are conceivable. Mercury's orbit might be perturbed, causing it to either exit the Solar System or collide with Venus, the Sun, or the Earth.

These alterations will occur over millions of years, but the researchers recreated the condition around three thousand times.

In over 2,000 of them, 26 concluded with the planets colliding, or Uranus, Neptune, or Mercury are entirely expelled from the Solar System.

“The full extent that stellar flybys play in the evolution of planetary systems is still an active area of research. For planetary systems that form in a star cluster, the consensus is that stellar flybys play an important role while the planetary system remains within the star cluster”, Garett Brown, a graduate student of computational physics from the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences (PES) at the University of Toronto.

“This is typically the first 100 million years of planetary evolution. After the star cluster dissipates the occurrence rate of stellar flybys dramatically decreases, reducing their role in the evolution of planetary systems.”

In addition, given that the Sun will certainly expand and swallow the Earth in five billion years, the possibility that this would disturb our experience in the Solar System is "not an issue we need to worry about," according to Brown.

Reference(s): Peer-Reviewed Research

NASA Releases Stunning 4K Video of Apollo 13 Views of the Moon, Ending All Conspiracy Theories

NASA has developed a stunning view of the Moon using data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and combined with the views recorded by Apollo 13 astronauts during their risky trek around the far side in 1970.

NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is now in an eccentric polar mapping orbit around the Moon. NASA will use the data obtained by the spacecraft to plan future robotic and manned missions to the lunar surface. For nearly 12 years, the LRO has been studying and photographing the moon. On June 18, 2009, the mission was launched. It is one of NASA’s most successful lunar missions, and the spacecraft has enough fuel to last for another seven years as of 2019.

The film displays a 4K view of the lunar surface, with the sun setting and rising, and ends with Apollo 13 reestablishing radio communication with Mission Control on Earth. The movie also shows the course of the Apollo 13 astronauts’ free return flight around the moon, as well as a continuous view of the moon throughout the journey.

Apollo 13 was the seventh crewed mission of NASA’s Apollo space program. Data collected in the last decade aligns with views recorded by NASA’s astronauts in 1970. Getting this sort of data back in 1970 was impossible and now modern technology has once again proved that humans did go to Moon and not just go there but astronauts aboard the Six Apollo missions landed there as well.

There are so many arguments and literal facts along with actual evidence that prove the notion of humans not going to the moon is not just wrong but it’s plain stupidity in today’s modern world. Now this new video from NASA adds to that evidence. New data provides the same view NASA recorded back in 1970. So how did NASA know what the moon will look like up close back in 1970 if they didn't go to the Moon in the first place? Unless they went there and recorded videos of it. These videos are turning out to be the same as what today’s satellites are recording orbiting Moon.

So if you are already familiar with the satellites being in Space, and know for a fact that they are real but had some doubts regarding humans going to Moon back in the 1960s and 1970s then this should clear up your doubts. If someone still doubts it then they probably are just walking around with no brain(Pun intended).

Can there be a more habitable planet than Earth? Well, yeah and we've already found it

 Could there be a world even more suitable for life than ours, given the assumption that everything we know always starts from the known, in this instance from our planet Earth?

As strange as it may seem to you, there is a potentially habitable rocky exoplanet that could support a surface, an atmosphere, and a hydrosphere capable of supporting life similar to that of our planet. 

The Earth is unique in our solar system in that it contains life, at least that which we are currently aware of. The topic is Kepler-442b, which is regarded as a highly livable planet.

A super habitable planet is what?

There are millions of planets in our own Milky Way, but Earth-like planets that are in the habitable zone are significantly less frequent. Through oxygenic photosynthesis, which plants employ to transform light and carbon dioxide into oxygen and nutrition, a planet must have a biosphere similar to Earth in order to sustain life. 

As a result, the research focuses on environments similar to Earth where oxygen-based photosynthesis can take place. However, the most significant biochemical activity in the Earth's biosphere, oxygenic photosynthesis, requires liquid water, and we already know that only exoplanets with the ideal surface temperature—not too hot or too cold—could support anything like that. It will be far more difficult for photosynthesis to occur if there is insufficient radiation.

Kepler 442b gets the most PAR, or photosynthetically active radiation, of all the exoplanets examined in this research, and could theoretically support the same amount of life as Earth, according to analysis published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

What makes it more livable than Earth, though?

They note that their aim is to calculate the photon flux, exergy, and exergetic efficiency of radiation in the suitable wavelength range for oxygenic photosynthesis as a function of the effective temperature of the host star and the planet-star separation. the specialists.

According to the researchers, some of the known Kepler and K2 planets, notably Kepler-442b, have higher H values than Earth, which indicates that they are more likely to be habitable.

How likely is it that Kepler-442b will have life?

Kepler-442b, which is 2.36 times the mass of Earth and has a 97% likelihood of being in a habitable zone, receives two thirds of the light that falls on Earth. 

It circles a star as Earth orbits the Sun, namely a red dwarf star that is smaller and colder than our Sun, takes up to 112.3 days to complete the orbit, and is located around 1,206 light-years from Earth in the constellation Lyra (home to the famous star Vega). 

The planet was discovered in 2015 by NASA's Kepler and K2 spacecraft using the transit technique. It is located 0.409 astronomical units from its star.

It is a super-Earth with a radius that is 1.34 times that of Earth and is one of the planets with the best chances of harboring life. But many more rocky planets like these are anticipated to be found because of the installation of the James Webb Space Telescope and its powerful equipment. And it's also conceivable that alien biospheres exist that are unlike to our own. For instance, we could discover biospheres that do not even engage in photosynthesis.

Efficiency of oxygenic photosynthesis on Earth-like planets in the habitable zone by Giovanni Covone, Riccardo M. Ienco, Luca Cacciapuoti, and Laura Inno. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 505, Issue 3, August 2021, Pages 3329–3335.